Very Low Carbohydrate Studies

This BLOG post will list Low Carbohydrate Diet Studies and will grow with time. New studies will be added to the end of this list.

• Bueno, N., De Melo, I., De Oliveira, S., & Da Rocha Ataide, T. (2013). Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(7), 1178-1187.
• A Paoli, A Rubini, J S Volek & K A Grimaldi. Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 67, pages 789–796 (2013)
• Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, Ana B. Crujeiras, Ana I. Castro, Miguel A. Martinez-Olmos, Ana Canton, Lucia Ordoñez-Mayan, Ignacio Sajoux, Cristobal Galban, Diego Bellido, and Felipe F. Casanueva (2018). Resting metabolic rate of obese patients under very low calorie ketogenic diet. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2018; 15: 18.
• Anssi H Manninen (2004). Metabolic Effects of the Very-Low-Carbohydrate Diets: Misunderstood “Villains” of Human Metabolism. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2004; 1(2): 7–11.
• Anssi H Manninen (2006). Very-low-carbohydrate diets and preservation of muscle mass. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2006; 3: 9.
• Daniel R. Moore (2014). Keeping Older Muscle “Young” through Dietary Protein and Physical Activity. Adv Nutr. 2014 Sep; 5(5): 599S–607S.
• Gisela Wilcox (2005). Insulin and Insulin Resistance. Clin Biochem Rev. 2005 May; 26(2): 19–39.
• Tay J, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Thompson CH, Noakes M, Buckley JD, Wittert GA, Yancy WS Jr, Brinkworth GD. (2015). Comparison of low- and high-carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes management: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Oct;102(4):780-90.
• Judith Farrés, Albert Pujol, Mireia Coma, Jose Luis Ruiz, Jordi Naval, José Manuel Mas, Agustí Molins, Joan Fondevila and Patrick Aloy. (2010). Revealing the molecular relationship between type 2 diabetes and the metabolic changes induced by a very-low-carbohydrate low-fat ketogenic diet. Nutrition & Metabolism 2010 7:88.
• JS Volek, MJ Sharman, AL Gómez, DA Judelson, MR Rubin, G Watson, B Sokmen, R Silvestre, DN French and WJ Kraemer. (2004). Comparison of energy-restricted very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets on weight loss and body composition in overweight men and women. Nutrition & Metabolism 2004 1:13
• Olga T. Hardy, Michael P. Czech, and Silvia Corvera. (2012). What causes the insulin resistance underlying obesity?. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012 Apr; 19(2): 81–87.
• Bonnie J. Brehm, Randy J. Seeley, Stephen R. Daniels, David A. D’Alessio. (2003). A Randomized Trial Comparing a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet and a Calorie-Restricted Low Fat Diet on Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Healthy Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 88, Issue 4, 1 April 2003, Pages 1617–1623.
• Eric C Westman MD, MHS, William S Yancy MD, Joel S Edman D Sc, Keith F Tomlin, Christine E Perkins MSW. (2002). Effect of 6-month adherence to a very low carbohydrate diet program. The American Journal of Medicine,Volume 113, Issue 1, July 2002, Pages 30-36.
• Gardner CD, Kiazand A, Alhassan S, Kim S, Stafford RS, Balise RR, Kraemer HC, King AC. (2007). Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2007 Mar 7;297(9):969-77.
• Jeannie Tay B Nutr Diet (Hons), Grant  D. Brinkworth PhD, Manny Noakes PhD, Jennifer Keogh M Sc, Peter M. Clifton PhD. (2008). Metabolic Effects of Weight Loss on a Very-Low-Carbohydrate Diet Compared With an Isocaloric High-Carbohydrate Diet in Abdominally Obese Subjects. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Volume 51, Issue 1, 1–8 January 2008, Pages 59-67.
• Mary C Gannon, Frank Q Nuttall, Asad Saeed, Kelly Jordan, and Heidi Hoover. (2003). An increase in dietary protein improves the blood glucose response in persons with type 2 diabetes. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition October 2003 vol. 78 no. 4 pp 734-741.
• HALES, C. N.; RANDLE, P. J. (1963). Effects of low-carbohydrate diet and diabetes mellitus on plasma concentrations of glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, and insulin during oral glucose-tolerance tests. Lancet 1963 Vol.1 pp.790-794.
• Stephen D Phinney. (2004). Ketogenic diets and physical performance. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2004; 1: 2.
• Dumesnil JG, Turgeon J, Tremblay A, Poirier P, Gilbert M, Gagnon L, St-Pierre S, Garneau C, Lemieux I, Pascot A, Bergeron J, Després JP. (2001). Effect of a low-glycaemic index–low-fat–high protein diet on the atherogenic metabolic risk profile of abdominally obese men. Br J Nutr. 2001 Nov. 86(5):557-68.
• Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jul;90(1):23-32. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27326. Epub 2009 May 13. Long-term effects of a very-low-carbohydrate weight loss diet compared with an isocaloric low-fat diet after 12 mo. Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Buckley JD, Keogh JB, Clifton PM.
• Diabetes Care. 2014 Nov;37(11):2909-18. A very low-carbohydrate, low-saturated fat diet for type 2 diabetes management: a randomized trial. Tay J, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Thompson CH, Noakes M, Buckley JD, Wittert GA, Yancy WS Jr, Brinkworth GD.
• J Am Coll Nutr. 2014;33(4):267-73. Long-term effects of a very low-carbohydrate weight loss diet on exercise capacity and tolerance in overweight and obese adults. Wycherley TP, Buckley JD, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Brinkworth GD.
• Endocr Pract. 2010 Jan-Feb;16(1):47-52. Identifying prediabetes using fasting insulin levels. Johnson JL1, Duick DS, Chui MA, Aldasouqi SA.
• Appetite. 2010 Aug; 55(1): 37–43. Effects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Stephen D. Anton, Ph.D., Corby K. Martin, Ph.D., Hongmei Han, M.S., Sandra Coulon, B.A., William T. Cefalu, M.D., Paula Geiselman, Ph.D., and Donald A. Williamson, Ph.D
• N Engl J Med 2008; 359:229-241. Weight Loss with a Low-Carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or Low-Fat Diet. Iris Shai, R.D., Ph.D., Dan Schwarzfuchs, M.D., Yaakov Henkin, M.D., Danit R. Shahar, R.D., Ph.D., Shula Witkow, R.D., M.P.H., Ilana Greenberg, R.D., M.P.H., Rachel Golan, R.D., M.P.H., Drora Fraser, Ph.D., Arkady Bolotin, Ph.D., Hilel Vardi, M.Sc., Osnat Tangi-Rozental, B.A., Rachel Zuk-Ramot, R.N., et al., for the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) Group
• N Engl J Med 2003; 348:2074-2081. A Low-Carbohydrate as Compared with a Low-Fat Diet in Severe Obesity. Frederick F. Samaha, M.D., Nayyar Iqbal, M.D., Prakash Seshadri, M.D., Kathryn L. Chicano, C.R.N.P., Denise A. Daily, R.D., Joyce McGrory, C.R.N.P., Terrence Williams, B.S., Monica Williams, B.S., Edward J. Gracely, Ph.D., and Linda Stern, M.D.
• Nutrition & Metabolism 2008 5:36. The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-glycemic index diet on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eric C Westman, William S Yancy Jr, John C Mavropoulos, Megan Marquart and Jennifer R McDuffie.
• The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 83, Issue 5, 1 May 2006, Pages 1055–1061. Ketogenic low-carbohydrate diets have no metabolic advantage over nonketogenic low-carbohydrate diets. Carol S Johnston Sherrie L Tjonn Pamela D Swan Andrea White Heather Hutchins Barry Sears
• JAMA, June 27, 2012—Vol 307, No. 24 2627. Effects of Dietary Composition on Energy Expenditure During Weight-Loss Maintenance . Cara B. Ebbeling, PhD, Janis F. Swain, MS, RD, Henry A. Feldman, PhD, William W. Wong, PhD, David L. Hachey, PhD, Erica Garcia-Lago, BA, David S. Ludwig, MD, PhD
• The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 104, Issue 2, 1 August 2016, Pages 324–333. Energy expenditure and body composition changes after an isocaloric ketogenic diet in overweight and obese men.
  Kevin D Hall, Kong Y Chen, Juen Guo Yan, Y Lam, Rudolph L Leibel, Laurel ES Mayer, Marc L Reitman, Michael Rosenbaum, Steven R Smith, B Timothy Walsh.
• The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 83, Issue 6, 1 June 2006, Pages 1442–1443. Metabolic advantage of low-carbohydrate diets: a calorie is still not a calorie. Anssi H Manninen.
• J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012;25(7-8):697-704. Metabolic impact of a ketogenic diet compared to a hypocaloric diet in obese children and adolescents. Partsalaki I, Karvela A, Spiliotis BE.
• Mar Drugs. 2015 Feb 13;13(2):996-1009. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3) supplementation on some cardiovascular risk factors with a ketogenic Mediterranean diet. Paoli A, Moro T, Bosco G, Bianco A, Grimaldi KA, Camporesi E, Mangar D.
• Joseph C. Anderson. Measuring breath acetone for monitoring fat loss: Review.  Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Dec; 23(12): 2327–2334.
• Søren Toubro, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Charlotte Hindsberger, Niels, Juel Christensen, Arne Astrup. Twenty-Four-Hour Respiratory Quotient: The Role of Diet and Familial Resemblance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 83, Issue 8, 1 August 1998, Pages 2758–2764.
• Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 May;57(5 Suppl):759S-764S. Food quotient, respiratory quotient, and energy balance. Westerterp KR.
• J Am Coll Nutr. 2003 Feb;22(1):9-17. The Zone Diet phenomenon: a closer look at the science behind the claims. Cheuvront SN.
• (Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. Vol. 4, No. 3, 2016, pp 152-156. Low Intake of Aspartame Induced Weight Gain and Damage of Brain & Liver Cells in Weanling Syrian Hamsters. Magda Ibrahim Hassan, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
• Appetite, Volume 60, 1 January 2013, Pages 203-207 Appetite. Saccharin and aspartame, compared with sucrose, induce greater weight gain in adult Wistar rats, at similar total caloric intake levels. Fernanda de MatosFeijó, et.al.

Author: Doug

I'm an Engineer who is also a science geek. I was pre-diabetic in 1996 and became a diabetic in 2003. I decided to figure out how to hack my diabetes and in 2016 found the ketogetic diet which reversed my diabetes. View all posts by Doug